In those years, scientists debated the theory of spontaneous generation, which stated that microorganisms arise from lifeless matter such as beef broth. Until his death in 1723, van Leeuwenhoek revealed the microscopic world to scientists of the day and is regarded as one of the first to provide accurate descriptions of protozoa, fungi, and bacteria.Īfter van Leeuwenhoek died, the study of microbiology did not develop rapidly because microscopes were rare and the interest in microorganisms was not high. In the 1670s and the decades thereafter, a Dutch merchant named Anton van Leeuwenhoek made careful observations of microscopic organisms, which he called animalcules. He is reputed to have observed strands of fungi among the specimens of cells he viewed. Historians are unsure who made the first observations of microorganisms, but the microscope was available during the mid‐1600s, and an English scientist named Robert Hooke made key observations. Many individuals have made significant contributions to the development of microbiology.Įarly history of microbiology. Microbiology has had a long, rich history, initially centered in the causes of infectious diseases but now including practical applications of the science.
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